This includes procedures to repair or replace the aorta, the main artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body. Aortic surgery may be necessary to treat conditions such as an aortic aneurysm or aortic dissection.
This surgery is done to treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as atrial fibrillation. It may involve procedures to remove or destroy the tissue causing the abnormal rhythm, or the implantation of devices such as pacemakers or defibrillators.
This type of surgery is performed to correct structural abnormalities of the heart that are present at birth. Examples of congenital heart defects include atrial septal defect (ASD), ventricular septal defect (VSD), and tetralogy of Fallot.
This surgery is performed to treat blocked or narrowed coronary arteries. It involves taking a healthy blood vessel from another part of the body and grafting it onto the blocked artery to bypass the blockage and restore blood flow to the heart.
In cases of severe heart failure, a heart transplant may be necessary. During this surgery, a healthy heart from a donor is transplanted into the patient's chest, replacing the diseased heart.
This surgery is done to repair or replace damaged heart valves. The valves may be repaired by removing excess tissue or repairing the valve structure, or they may be replaced with artificial valves.
Surgical procedure to remove excess skin and fat from multiple areas of the body, commonly performed after significant weight loss.
Surgical procedure to enhance the size and shape of the buttocks through fat transfer.
Surgical procedure to remove excess skin and fat from the abdominal area and tighten the abdominal muscles.
Surgical procedure to enhance the size and shape of the breasts using breast implants.
Rhinoplasty
10Rhinoplasty, commonly known as a nose job, is a surgical procedure aimed at reshaping the nose to improve its appearance or function. It can address issues such as a crooked nose, bumps, or breathing difficulties. There are various techniques, including open and closed rhinoplasty, each suited for different types of corrections. The goal is to achieve a natural-looking result that enhances facial harmony.
Thin, custom-made shells bonded to the front surface of teeth to improve their appearance.
Comprehensive treatment plan combining various cosmetic procedures to enhance the overall appearance of the smile.
Surgical removal of the tip of a tooth's root to treat persistent infection or inflammation.
Removal of infected or damaged dental pulp from the tooth's root canal system, followed by sealing and restoration.
Corrective surgery to treat jaw misalignment or skeletal abnormalities.
Transparent, removable trays (e.g., Invisalign) used to straighten teeth without traditional braces.
Surgical procedures to treat advanced gum disease or correct gum and bone irregularities.
Deep cleaning procedure to remove plaque, tartar, and bacteria from below the gumline and smooth the tooth roots.
Fixed prosthetic devices used to replace one or more missing teeth by anchoring to adjacent teeth.
Custom-made tooth-shaped caps placed over damaged or weakened teeth to restore their shape, size, and strength.
Surgical placement of artificial tooth roots into the jawbone to support replacement teeth (crowns, bridges, or dentures).
Implantation of a device that stimulates the auditory nerve to provide hearing for individuals with severe hearing loss or deafness.
Removal of infected mastoid air cells in the skull behind the ear, often performed for chronic mastoiditis.
Incision in the eardrum to relieve pressure or drain fluid from the middle ear, often accompanied by the placement of ear tubes (tympanostomy tubes).
Surgical replacement of the stapes bone in the middle ear to improve hearing in cases of otosclerosis.
Surgical repair of the eardrum or middle ear bones (ossicles) for conditions like perforated eardrum or chronic ear infections.
Various procedures to treat chronic sinusitis, nasal polyps, or sinus blockages, such as functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).
Surgical removal of the adenoids, often performed for chronic adenoiditis or sleep-disordered breathing.
Examination of the larynx using a laryngoscope, which can also be used for procedures like vocal cord biopsy or removal of vocal cord lesions.
Surgical removal of all or part of the thyroid gland, often performed for thyroid nodules, goiter, or thyroid cancer.
Surgical removal of the tonsils, often performed for recurrent tonsillitis or sleep-disordered breathing.
Surgical procedure to treat snoring or sleep apnea by removing excess tissue from the throat, including the uvula and part of the soft palate.
This is the surgical removal of the appendix, usually performed in cases of appendicitis.
General surgeons may perform bariatric surgeries, such as gastric bypass or sleeve gastrectomy, to help patients with severe obesity lose weight and improve their overall health.
This procedure involves the removal of the gallbladder, often performed to treat gallstones or gallbladder inflammation.
This is the surgical removal of all or part of the colon (large intestine), often performed to treat conditions such as colon cancer, diverticulitis, or inflammatory bowel disease.
This procedure involves the surgical removal of all or part of the stomach, often performed to treat stomach cancer or other conditions affecting the stomach.
This procedure involves the surgical removal of hemorrhoids, which are swollen blood vessels in the rectum or anus.
General surgeons perform hernia repairs, which involve the surgical correction of a hernia, where an organ or tissue protrudes through a weak spot in the abdominal wall.
Mastectomy
11 This is the surgical removal of all or part of the breast, often performed as a treatment for breast cancer.
This procedure involves the surgical removal of the spleen, often performed to treat conditions such as splenic rupture, certain blood disorders, or certain types of cancer.
General surgeons perform thyroidectomies, which involve the surgical removal of all or part of the thyroid gland, often to treat thyroid cancer or thyroid nodules.
Can involve hysterectomy, lymph node dissection, and removal of affected tissue.
A minimally invasive procedure to examine the pelvic organs using a laparoscope.
Various procedures to repair pelvic organ prolapse, such as sacrocolpopexy and vaginal mesh procedures.
Procedures like sling surgery and bladder neck suspension to address urinary incontinence.
Surgical removal of the fibrous layer over the lung to treat conditions like empyema or fibrosis.
Surgical removal of lymph nodes in the mediastinum to assess cancer spread.
Surgical removal of a portion of the bronchus or bronchi and reconnection of the remaining healthy portions.
Surgical removal of a portion of the chest wall and reconstruction using grafts or synthetic material.
Surgical removal of part or all of the esophagus and reconnection to the stomach or small intestine.
Surgical removal of diseased lung tissue to improve lung function in conditions like emphysema.
Surgical procedure to create adhesions between the layers of the pleura to prevent recurrent pleural effusions.
Minimally invasive surgical procedure using a thoracoscope to examine and treat conditions in the chest or pleural space.
Surgical procedure involving a large incision in the chest to access and treat conditions in the thoracic cavity.
- Craniotomy: Opening the skull to access and remove brain tumors.- Biopsy: Obtaining a tissue sample for diagnosis.- Stereotactic biopsy: Using imaging guidance to target and remove a small sample of brain tissue.- Endoscopic tumor removal: Minimally invasive technique using a small camera to remove tumors.
- Aneurysm Clipping: Placing a tiny metal clip on an aneurysm to prevent rupture.- Arteriovenous Malformation (AVM) Resection: Removing abnormal tangles of blood vessels.- Carotid Endarterectomy: Removing plaque buildup from the carotid artery to reduce stroke risk.
- Resection: Removing the part of the brain causing seizures.- Corpus Callosotomy: Severing the connections between the two brain hemispheres to prevent seizure spread.- Vagus Nerve Stimulation: Implanting a device to deliver electrical impulses to the vagus nerve to reduce seizure frequency.
- Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS): Implanting electrodes in specific brain regions to manage movement disorders, psychiatric conditions, or chronic pain.- Rhizotomy: Severing nerve roots to relieve chronic pain.- Dorsal Root Entry Zone (DREZ) Lesioning: Destroying nerve tissue to relieve pain caused by nerve injury.
- Hydrocephalus Treatment: Inserting a shunt to drain excess cerebrospinal fluid.- Craniosynostosis Surgery: Correcting the premature fusion of skull sutures in infants.- Tumor Resection: Removing brain or spinal tumors in children.
- Carpal Tunnel Release: Decompressing the median nerve to relieve symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome.- Nerve Repair: Reconnecting severed nerves.- Nerve Grafting: Using a nerve graft to bridge gaps in damaged nerves.
- Spinal Fusion: Joining two or more vertebrae to stabilize the spine.- Discectomy: Removing part or all of a herniated disc.- Laminectomy: Removing the lamina (bony arch) to relieve pressure on spinal nerves.- Spinal Cord Stimulator Implantation: Placing a device to deliver electrical impulses to alleviate chronic pain.
- Gamma Knife Radiosurgery: Delivering precise radiation doses to target brain tumors or AVMs.- CyberKnife Radiosurgery: Using a robotic arm to deliver radiation to brain lesions.
- Decompressive Craniectomy: Removing part of the skull to relieve pressure from swelling or bleeding.- Hematoma Evacuation: Removing blood clots from the brain caused by trauma.- Skull Fracture Repair: Fixing broken bones in the skull.
Bone and Soft Tissue Oncology is a specialized field of medicine that focuses on diagnosing, treating, and managing bone and soft tissue tumors. These tumors can be either benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous) and may occur in any part of the musculoskeletal system, including bones, muscles, cartilage, tendons, and other connective tissues¹. If you have any specific questions or need further information, feel free to ask!
Breast Oncology refers to the study and treatment of breast cancer. It's a specialized field that focuses on diagnosing, managing, and researching this common form of cancer. Breast cancer begins as an abnormal growth of cells in breast tissue. While it's most common in women, men can also develop breast cancer¹. If you have any specific questions or need further information, feel free to ask!
Gastrointestinal Oncology refers to the specialized field of medicine that focuses on cancers affecting the digestive system. This includes malignancies in various organs such as the liver, bile duct, gallbladder, pancreas, stomach, esophagus, and both large and small bowel. Expert teams of medical oncologists, scientists, physician assistants, and research nurses work together to provide advanced therapies and clinical trial opportunities for patients. Their goal is to improve survival rates and enhance quality of life. Research efforts also aim to develop better diagnostic and screening methods for detecting gastrointestinal cancers at early stages. If you’d like more detailed information, feel free to explore resources from institutions like MD Anderson Cancer Center or Yale Medicine.
Gynecologic oncology is a specialized field of medicine that focuses on the treatment of cancers affecting the female reproductive system. Gynecologic oncologists diagnose and manage cancers of the ovaries, vagina, uterus, cervix, and vulva. They work closely with other doctors to provide integrated care and recommend treatment options such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, and hormone therapy. If you experience symptoms like unusual vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain, or changes in bladder or bowel habits, consider consulting a gynecologic oncologist for further evaluation and possible treatment. Remember to bring relevant medical records and information to your appointment for a thorough assessment.
Head and Neck Oncology encompasses cancers that originate in the head and neck region. These cancers can affect various areas, including the mouth, throat, sinuses, salivary glands, and more. Common symptoms may include persistent cough, voice changes (such as hoarseness), difficulty swallowing, ear pain, unhealing sores or lumps in the throat, and weight loss. Risk factors include tobacco use (both smoking and chewing), alcohol abuse, exposure to human papillomavirus (HPV), and lack of fruits and vegetables in the diet. Diagnosis involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, endoscopy, and imaging tests. Treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted drug therapy. If you experience any concerning symptoms, consult a healthcare provider promptly for evaluation and personalized care.
Hematology oncology (heme/onc) focuses on diagnosing and treating blood cancers and disorders, such as leukemia, lymphoma, and anemia. Specialists in this field handle both cancerous and non-cancerous blood conditions.
Neuro-oncology is the study of brain and spinal cord tumors. These neoplasms can be highly dangerous and life-threatening. Examples include astrocytoma, glioma, glioblastoma multiforme, ependymoma, pontine glioma, and brain stem tumors. Treatment options may involve surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, and other therapies. If you have concerns related to brain or spinal cord tumors, consider consulting a neuro-oncologist for specialized care.
Pediatric Oncology is the field of medicine that focuses on diagnosing and treating cancer in children. Notable centers include St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, which pioneers research and clinical trials, and the Cancer Center at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP). Advances in treatment continue to improve outcomes for young cancer patients. If you have more questions, feel free to ask!
Thoracic Oncology refers to any cancer that develops within the chest. The chest houses vital organs such as the lungs, heart, and esophagus, and it is protected by the ribcage in the front and sides, as well as the spinal bones (vertebrae) in the back1. If you have more questions or need further information, feel free to ask!
Uro Oncology is the branch of medicine that deals with cancers affecting the urinary system, including the kidneys, bladder, prostate, and testicles. It focuses on diagnosis, treatment, and management of urological malignancies. If you have any more questions, feel free to ask!
This is a minimally invasive procedure that uses an arthroscope, a small camera, to visualize and treat problems inside a joint. It is commonly used for conditions such as torn ligaments, cartilage damage, and joint inflammation.
Orthopedic surgeons may perform surgeries to treat conditions affecting the foot and ankle, such as bunions, plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendon injuries, and ankle fractures.
Orthopedic surgeons with specialized training may perform intricate surgeries involving the hand, fingers, and microvascular structures, such as nerve repair, tendon transfers, and replantation of severed digits.
Orthopedic surgeons may perform surgeries to treat conditions affecting the hand and wrist, such as carpal tunnel syndrome, trigger finger, tendon injuries, and fractures.
This involves the surgical replacement of a damaged joint with an artificial joint. Common joint replacements include hip replacements, knee replacements, shoulder replacements, and ankle replacements.
Orthopedic surgeons may be involved in the surgical treatment of bone and soft tissue tumors, including tumor resection, limb salvage procedures, and reconstructive surgeries.
Pediatric orthopedic surgeons specialize in treating musculoskeletal conditions in children, such as congenital deformities, scoliosis, clubfoot, and growth plate injuries.
Orthopedic surgeons perform various spine surgeries to treat conditions such as herniated discs, spinal stenosis, spinal deformities (scoliosis), and spinal fractures. Procedures may include spinal fusion, laminectomy, discectomy, or artificial disc replacement.
Orthopedic surgeons who specialize in sports medicine may perform surgeries to treat sports-related injuries, such as torn ligaments (ACL, MCL), meniscus tears, and rotator cuff tears.
Orthopedic surgeons are often involved in the surgical treatment of traumatic injuries, such as fractures, dislocations, and complex injuries to the bones and joints.
These surgical procedures involve transplanting hair follicles from one area of the scalp (usually the back or sides) to areas with thinning or balding hair. It is an effective long-term solution for hair loss.
This treatment uses laser technology to target and destroy hair follicles, resulting in long-term hair reduction. It is most effective on dark, coarse hair.
This treatment involves extracting a small amount of the patient's blood, processing it to concentrate the platelets, and injecting the platelet-rich plasma into the scalp. The growth factors in the plasma help stimulate hair growth.
Botulinum toxin is injected into specific facial muscles to temporarily relax them, reducing the appearance of wrinkles and fine lines.
A chemical solution is applied to the skin to remove the damaged outer layer, revealing smoother and more even-toned skin.
A rotating brush or diamond-tipped instrument is used to remove the outer layer of the skin, revealing smoother skin underneath.
It targets small areas of the skin with laser energy, promoting collagen production and improving skin texture.
It uses broad-spectrum light to target and break down pigmented areas of the skin.
Laser energy is used to remove the damaged outer layer of the skin, stimulating collagen production and improving skin texture.
This treatment uses laser technology to target and break down scar tissue or stretch marks, promoting the growth of new, healthy skin cells.
It involves exfoliating the outer layer of the skin using tiny crystals or a diamond-tipped wand to reduce the appearance of scars and stretch marks.
Platelet-rich plasma is extracted from the patient's blood and injected into the face to stimulate collagen production and rejuvenate the skin.
It uses radiofrequency energy to heat the deeper layers of the skin, promoting collagen production and reducing the appearance of scars and stretch marks.
This procedure involves inserting dissolvable threads under the skin to lift and tighten sagging areas.
High-frequency ultrasound waves are used to stimulate collagen production and tighten the skin.
Surgical placement of a healthy kidney from a donor into a recipient with kidney failure.
Minimally invasive surgery to remove kidney stones using a small incision and specialized instruments.
Surgical repair of a blockage or narrowing in the renal pelvis (the part of the kidney where urine collects).
Minimally invasive surgery using a laparoscope to perform various urological procedures.
Surgical procedures performed using robotic systems to enhance precision and control.
Surgical correction of a congenital condition where the opening of the urethra is located on the underside of the penis.
Surgical procedures to correct the backward flow of urine from the bladder to the kidneys in children.
Surgical procedures to repair or reconstruct the penis, often performed for congenital abnormalities or trauma.
Minimally invasive procedures using laser energy to treat prostate enlargement or prostate cancer.
Removal of the prostate gland, commonly performed for prostate cancer or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
Removal of excess prostate tissue through the urethra using a resectoscope.
Surgical placement of an artificial testicle after testicular removal.
Placement of a sling to support the urethra and treat stress urinary incontinence.
Surgical reconstruction or repair of the urethra, often performed for urethral strictures.