Arthroscopic Surgery

Arthroscopic surgery is a minimally invasive orthopedic technique that allows surgeons to diagnose and treat joint problems through tiny incisions using a fiber-optic camera (arthroscope). This advanced approach offers faster recovery, less pain, and lower complication rates compared to traditional open surgery.

Common Joints Treated with Arthroscopy

• Knee (Meniscus tears, ACL reconstruction)
• Shoulder (Rotator cuff repair, labral tears)
• Hip (FAI impingement, labral repairs)
• Ankle (Osteochondral defects, instability)
• Wrist/Elbow (Carpal tunnel release, tennis elbow)

Who Needs Arthroscopic Surgery?

Typical Indications:

• Cartilage damage (Meniscal/articular cartilage tears)
• Ligament injuries (ACL, PCL tears)
• Joint instability (Recurrent dislocations)
• Bone spurs/impingement (FAI, shoulder impingement)

The Arthroscopic Procedure

1. Surgical Technique

• 2-3 small incisions (3-5mm each)
• Arthroscope insertion (HD camera visualization)
• Specialized micro-instruments for repairs

2. Common Interventions

• Debridement (Removing damaged tissue)
• Repair (Suturing torn structures)
• Reconstruction (Ligament grafts)

Recovery Timeline

• Same-day discharge for most procedures
• Crutches/brace (1-4 weeks depending on joint)
• Physical therapy starts within 1 week
• Full recovery in 6 weeks – 6 months

Advantages Over Open Surgery

Benefits:

• 90% less tissue damage
• Outpatient procedure (No hospital stay)
• Lower infection risk (<0.5%)
• Earlier return to activity

Potential Risks

Complications (Rare):

• Stiffness (Requires prompt PT)
• Blood clots (Prophylaxis recommended)
• Nerve/vessel injury (Surgeon-dependent)

Recent Technological Advances

• Nanoscopy (Ultra-miniature scopes)
• Robotic-assisted arthroscopy
• Biologic augmentations (PRP, stem cells)