Description

Hysteroscopy is a procedure that allows a doctor to look inside the uterus using a thin, lighted tube called a hysteroscope. This procedure can be used for both diagnostic and operative purposes.

Types of Hysteroscopy

1. Diagnostic Hysteroscopy: Used to diagnose problems of the uterus, such as abnormal bleeding, polyps, fibroids, and structural abnormalities.
2. Operative Hysteroscopy: Performed to treat an abnormality detected during a diagnostic hysteroscopy. This can include removing polyps, fibroids, adhesions, or performing endometrial ablation.

Familiarity with Treatment

Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive procedure that provides a direct view of the uterine cavity, allowing for accurate diagnosis and treatment of various uterine conditions.

Procedure

1. Preparation:
   • Blood tests and a pregnancy test may be ordered about a week before the procedure.
   • Fasting for a few hours before the procedure if general anesthesia is used.
   • Stopping smoking to reduce anesthesia-related risks.
2. During the Procedure:
   • The patient changes into a hospital gown and lies on an exam table with feet in stirrups.
   • A speculum is inserted into the vagina to hold it open, and the vagina and cervix are cleaned with antiseptic.
   • The hysteroscope is inserted through the cervix into the uterus, and gas or saline is used to expand the uterus for a clear view.
   • The doctor examines the uterine cavity and may perform necessary treatments.
3. Duration: The procedure usually takes between 5 to 30 minutes¹².

Who is it Suitable For?

• Women with abnormal uterine bleeding.
• Those with suspected uterine abnormalities such as polyps, fibroids, or adhesions.
• Women experiencing infertility or recurrent miscarriages.
• Patients needing confirmation of results from other tests like ultrasound or hysterosalpingography.

Who is it Not Suitable For?

• Pregnant women.
• Those with active pelvic infections.
• Women with certain medical conditions that contraindicate the use of anesthesia or the procedure itself.

Advantages

• Minimally invasive with a quick recovery time.
• Provides a direct view of the uterine cavity for accurate diagnosis.
• Can treat certain conditions immediately, avoiding the need for additional surgeries.
• Generally safe with a low risk of complications.

Complications

• Infection.
• Heavy bleeding.
• Uterine scarring.
• Side effects from anesthesia.
• Side effects from the gas or fluid used to expand the uterus.
• Pelvic inflammatory disease¹².

Previous Care

• Regular gynecological check-ups.
• Discussing the procedure, risks, and benefits with the healthcare provider.
• Following pre-procedure instructions, such as fasting and stopping smoking.

Aftercare

• Monitoring for signs of infection or complications, such as fever, severe abdominal pain, or heavy bleeding.
• Rest and avoiding strenuous activities for a few days.
• Follow-up appointments with the healthcare provider to ensure proper healing.
• Pain management with prescribed medications if necessary.

Hysteroscopy is a valuable tool for diagnosing and treating various uterine conditions with minimal invasiveness.