Description
Familiarity with Treatment
A total (simple) mastectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of all breast tissue from the breast. It is typically performed to treat or prevent breast cancer. The term “simple” refers to the removal of the breast tissue without removing the underlying muscles or lymph nodes. This procedure has been modified over time to reduce postoperative complications and improve outcomes.
Procedure
During a total mastectomy, the surgeon makes an incision in the breast and removes all the breast tissue, including the nipple and areola. The underlying muscles and lymph nodes are generally preserved. The incision is then closed with sutures or surgical staples. The procedure is usually performed under general anesthesia.
Who is it Suitable For?
A total mastectomy may be a treatment option for various types and stages of breast cancer, including ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), early-stage breast cancer (stages 1 and 2), and Paget’s disease of the breast. It may also be recommended for individuals at a high risk of developing breast cancer. The decision to undergo a total mastectomy is made in consultation with a healthcare provider or surgeon, considering the individual’s specific circumstances.
Who is it Not Suitable For?
A total mastectomy may not be suitable for individuals with certain medical conditions or contraindications to surgery. The decision to undergo a total mastectomy is made in consultation with a healthcare provider or surgeon, taking into account the individual’s specific circumstances.
Advantages
The advantages of a total mastectomy include:
- Removal of all breast tissue, reducing the risk of cancer recurrence in the breast.
- Potential for improved survival rates in certain cases.
- May be an option for individuals who prefer complete removal of breast tissue.
- Can provide peace of mind for individuals at a high risk of developing breast cancer.
Complications
Complications of a total mastectomy can include short-term breast swelling, breast soreness, hardness due to scar tissue, wound infection or bleeding, and swelling of the arm (lymphedema) if lymph nodes were removed. However, it is important to note that the risk of complications is generally low, and the procedure has been performed successfully in numerous cases.
Preoperative Care
Preoperative care for a total mastectomy involves a comprehensive evaluation by a healthcare provider to determine the need for surgery and the most appropriate approach. This may include medical risk reduction, diagnostic tests, and discussions about the procedure, potential risks, and expected outcomes.
Postoperative Care
Postoperative care for a total mastectomy includes pain management, wound care, and monitoring for any signs of complications. Emotional support and counseling may also be provided to help individuals cope with the emotional impact of the surgery. Breast reconstruction may be an option for individuals who wish to restore the shape of the breast. It is important to follow the healthcare provider’s instructions regarding postoperative care, including any necessary follow-up appointments.
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